ROMAN ARMY AND SALT EXPLOITATION IN SÂNPAULMĂRTINIȘ- OCLAND AREA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14795/j.v9i1.704Abstract
The author investigates both archaeologically and epigraphically the Sânpaul-Mărtiniș-Ocland area fro Roman Dacia, putting in connection the presence of the Roman army and the salt exploitation. He presents the results of some surveys he made in the area and corroborates these results with the epigraphic containing attestation of the Roman army and of clerks involved in the administration of salt exploitation.
Downloads
References
ANDRONIC et alii 2006
Andronic, M./Buzea, D./Cavruc, V./Harding, A./Munteanu, R./Matei, Gh./Rența, E., Repertoriul selectiv al siturilor arheologice cu vestigii ale exploatării sării din România. In: Cavruc, V./Chiricescu, A. (eds.), Sarea, Timpul și Omul (Sfântu Gheorghe: Angustia), 55-86.
AUBERT 1993
Aubert, J.-J., Workshop managers. In: Harris, W. V. (ed.), The Inscribed Economy (Ann Arbor: Journal of Roman Archaeology), 171-181.
AUBERT 1994
Aubert, J.-J., Bussiness Managers in Ancient Rome. A Social and Economic Study of Institores 200 BC-AD 250 (Leiden-New York-Köln: Brill).
BENEA 2007
Benea, D., Cu privire la administrarea salinelor din Dacia romană, Analele Banatului Serie Nouă 15, 41-46.
BENEA 2010
Benea, D., Despre organizarea pășunilor în Dacia romană și importanța lor în economia provinciei, Bibliotheca Historica et Archaeologica Universitatis Timisiensis 12, 45-74.
BISHOP/COULSTON 2006.
Bishop, M. C./Coulston, J. C. N., Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of the Rome2 (Oxford: Oxbow Books).
BORDI/ZĂGREANU 2010
Bordi, Z. L./Zăgreanu, R. I., Auxilia de la Olteni. Controverse și interpretări, Acta Siculica (sine numero), 195-218.
BORDI/ZĂGREANU 2011
Bordi, Z. L./Zăgreanu, R. I., Auxilia from Olteni. Controversy and Interpretations, Ephemeris Napocensis 21, 131-144.
BUZEA,/CHIRICESCU 2005
Buzea, D./Chiricescu, A., Repertoriul fântânilor de apă sărată și a descoperirilor arheologice de pe Valea Homoroadelor, Angustia 9, 215-238.
BUZEA (CHIRICESCU)/DEÁK 2008
Buzea, D., (Chiricescu)/Deák, A., Cercetările etno-arheologice de la Olteni (jud. Covasna). In: Monah, D./Dumitroaia, Gh./Garvăn, D. (eds.), Sarea, de la prezent la trecut (Piatra Neamț: Editura Constantin Matasă), 41-79.
CARLSEN 1995
Carlsen, J., Vilici and Roman Estate Managers until AD 284 (Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider).
CHIRICESCU 2006
Chiricescu, A., Repertoriul selectiv al fântânilor de apă sărată din estul Transilvaniei. In: Cavruc, V., Chiricescu, A. (eds.), Sarea, Timpul și Omul (Sfântu Gheorghe; Angustia),164-167.
DANA/ZĂGREANU 2013
Dana, D./Zăgreanu, R., Deux dédicaces latines inédites de Porolissum, Tyche. Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie und Epigraphik 28, 27-35. DOI: https://tyche.univie.ac.at/index.php/tyche/article/view/4944
DUŠANIĆ 1999
Dušanić, S., The Miners’ Cults in Illyricum, Pallas 50, 129-139.
EGRI et alii 2018
Egri, M./McCarty, M. M./Rustoiu, A./Inel, C., A New Mithraic Community at Apulum (Alba Iulia, Romania), Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 205, 268-275.
FERENCZI/FERENCZI 1961
Ferenczi, G/Ferenzi, I., Săpăturile de salvare din 1957-1958 de la Sânpaul, Materiale și Cercetări Arheologice 7, 401-405.
FINKE 1927
Finke, H., Neue Inschriften, Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Komission 17, 1-107.
FISWICK 2004, 355.
Fishwick, D., The Imperial Cult in the Latin West, III/3, The Provincial Cult. Provincial Centre; Provincial Cult (Leiden-Boston: Brill).
FRANCE/NÉLIS-CLÉMENT 2014
France, J./Nelis Clément, J., Tout en bas de l’empire. Les stationes, lieux de contrôle et de représentation du pouvoir. In: France, J./Nélis-Clément, J., La statio. Archéologie d’un lieu de pouvoir dans l’empire romain (Bordeaux ; Ausonius) 117-245.
FUHRMANN 2012
Fuhrmann, Chr. J., Policing the Roman Empire: Soldiers, Administration, and Public Order (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
GONZALES 1997
Gonzales, A., Les relations d’obsequium et de societas à la fin de la République, Dialogues d’histoire ancienne 23, 155-187.
GOSTAR 1954
Gostar, N., Numele antic al aşezării de la Răcari, Studii și cercetări de istorie veche 5, 3-4, 607-610.
GOSTAR 1966
Gostar, N., Studii epigrafice II, Arheologia Moldovei 4, 175-188.
GUDEA 2001
Gudea, N., Restituiri arheologice. III. Cohors IIII Betasiorum, Ephemeris Napocensis 11, 55-60.
HABEL 1894
Habel, H. 1894. sv.actor. In: Real Encyclopädie der classichen Altertumswissenschaft (Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler), 329-330.
HARDING/KAVRUK 2013
Harding, A./Kavruk, V., Transylvania. In: Harding, A./Kavruk, V. (eds.), Exploration in Salt Archaeology in the Carpathian Zone (Budapest; Archaeolingua), 41-153.
HERZ 2011
Herz, P., Finances and Costs in the Roman Army. In: Erdkamp, P. (ed.), A companion to the Roman Army (London: John Wiley & Sons), 306-322.
ISAC 2003
Isac, D., Castrul roman de la Samum-Cășeiu / The Roman auxiliary fort Samum-Cășeiu (Cluj-Napoca: Napoca Star).
IVANOV/LUKA 2015
Ivanov, R./Luka, K., Montana - Praesidium, Regio, Municipium. In: Ivanov, R. (ed.), Roman Cities in Bulgaria II: Thracian, Greek, Roman and Medieval Cities, Residences and Fortresses in Bulgaria (Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Academic Publishing House), 197-278.
JAKAB et alii 2018
Jakab, G./Silye, L./Sümegi, P./Töröcsik, T./Tóth, A./Sümegi, B. P./Benkö, E., The environmental history of a former salt town in Transylvainia (Sic, northern Romania), Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 69, 185-206.
KAVRUK et alii 2019
Kavruk, V./Ștefan, D./Alexianu, M./Vasilache, V., A salt production site at Gherla-Valea Sărată (Transylvania). Preliminary report, Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 25, 1, 17-47.
MANNING 2014
Manning, W. H., The Roman army and the Roman smith: Some evidence from Britain. In:. Collins, R./McIntosh, F. (eds.), Life in the Limes. Studies of the people and objects of the Roman frontiers presented to Lindsay Allason-Jones of the occasion of her birthday and retirement (Oxford: Oxbow Books) 11-17.
MARCU 2009
Marcu, F., Organizarea internă a castrelor din Dacia (Cluj-Napoca: Mega).
MARQUARDT 1886
Marquardt, J., Das Privatleben der Römer2 (Leipzig; S. Hirzel).
MASI DORIA 1993
Masi Doria, C., Civitas Operae Obsequium. Tre studi sulla condizione giuridica dei liberti (Napoli: Jovene).
MATEI-POPESCU/ȚENTEA 2016
Matei-Popescu, F./Țentea, O., The Eastern Frontier of Dacia. A Gazetteer of the Forts and Units. In: Bârcă, V. (ed.), Orbis Romanus and barbaricum. The barbarians around the Province of Dacia and Their Relations with the Roman Empire (Cluj-Napoca: Mega), 7-24.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2006
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., Les affranchis dans les provinces romaines de l’Illyricum (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz).
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2009
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., Actores Daciae romanae, Classica et Christiana 4 (1), 307-316.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2011
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., La cité romaine du Haut-Empire d’Ibida (Mésie Inférieure). Considérations historiques selon le dossier épigraphique, Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 17, 83-143.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2018
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., The importance of salt exploitation in Roman Dacia. The case of Ocna Mureș (Salinae), Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 5/4, 32-36. DOI: 10.14795/j.v5i4.347
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2019a
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., Salt exploitation in Roman Dacia. Modern sources and new archaeological surveys, Acta Musei Napocensis 56/I, 135-144.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2019b
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., The cult of Jupiter and of Juno Regina in the rural areas of Moesia Inferior, Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 6/2, 42-51. DOI: 10.14795/j.v6i2.390
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA 2019c
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L., Salt exploitation in Roman Dacia. A larger overview. In: Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L./Spickermann, W. (eds.), Roman Army and Local Society in the Limes Provinces of the Roman Empire (Rahden/Westf.: Marie Leidorf), 163-186.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA/ALEXIANU 2021
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L./Alexianu, M., Salt exploitation and Roman army in Dacia: the Ocna Dejului-Sic-Cojocna-Gherla area. In: Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L./Dumitrache, I. (eds.), Persevera lucere. Studia in memoriam Octaviani Bounegru (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz), 119-124.
MIHAILESCU-BÎRLIBA/ASĂNDULESEI 2019
Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L./Asăndulesei, A., Roman Army and Salt Exploitation in Dacia, Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 6/3, 27-48. DOI: 10.14795/j.v6i3.404
MOITRIEUX 2011
Moitrieux, G., Un nouveau vicus vénète honore Jupiter. In: Deroux, C. (éd.), Corolla Epigraphica. Hommage au professeur Yves Burnand I (Bruxelles: Latomus) 232-253.
NEMETI 2014
Nemeti, S., Finding Arcobadara. Essay on Geography and Administration of Roman Dacia (Cluj-Napoca: Mega).
NEMETI/BĂRBULESCU 2006-2007
Nemeti, S./Bărbulescu, M., Territorium Arcobadarense, Ephemeris Napocensis 16-17, 107-118.
NEMETI/BĂRBULESCU 2010
Nemeti, S./Bărbulescu, M, Arcobadara, Latomus 69, 446-455.
PETOLESCU 2002
Petolescu, C. C., Auxiliae Daciae. Contribuții la istoria militară a Daciei romane (Bucharest; Ars Docendi).
PETRESCU/ROGOZEA 1990
Petrescu, M., S., Rogozea, Tibiscum –Principia castrului mare de piatră (I), Banatica 10, 107-136.
PISO 1983
Piso, I, Epigraphica (XVI), Acta Musei Napocensis 20, 103-111.
PISO 2004-2005
Piso, I., Un nouveau conductor salinarum en Dacie, Acta Musei Napocensis 41-42, 179–182.
PISO 2019
Piso. I., Les beneficiarii consularis de Samum. In: Mihailescu-Bîrliba, L./Spickermann, W. (eds.), Roman Army and Local Societies in the Limes Provinces of the Roman Empire (Rahden/Westf.: Marie Leidorf), 109-129.
PISO/BENEA 1999
Piso, I./Benea, D., Epigraphica Tibiscensia, Acta Musei Napocensis 36, 91-107.
PISO/CUPCEA 2014
Piso, I./Cupcea, G. 2014. Ein centurio regionarius der legio X Fretensis in Dakien, Tyche. Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte, Papyrologie und Epigraphik 29, 115-123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15661/tyche.2014.029.11
POPA et al. 2010
Popa, Al./Cociș S./Klein, C./Gaiu, C./Man, N., Geophysikalische Prospektionen in Ostsiebenbürgen. Ein deutsch-rumänisch-moldauisches Forschungsprojekt an der Ostgrenze der römischen Provinz Dacia, Ephemeris Napocensis 20, 101-128.
PROTASE/GAIU/MARINESCU 1997
Protase, D./Gaiu, C./Marinescu, G., Castrul civil și așezarea romană de la Ilișua (Bistrița).
RAJH
Repertoriul arheologic al județului Harghita (Sfântu Gheorghe: Muzeul Carpaților Răsăriteni)
RANKOV 1983
Rankov, N. B., A Contribution to the Military and Administrative History of Montana. In: Poulter, A. G. (ed.), Ancient Bulgaria. Papers Presented to the International Symposium on the Ancient History and Archaeology of Bulgaria, University of Nottingham 1981 (Nottingham: University of Nottingham), 40-73.
RUBEL 2008
Rubel, A., Eine Besitzermarke aus Moesia Inferior und die römische Militärpräsenz in Ibida, Archäologischer Anzeiger, 2. Halbband, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34780/bzfn-1k67
SCHILLINGER-HÄFELE 1977
Schillinger-Häfele, U., Vierter Nachtrag zu CIL XIII und zweiter Nachtrag zu Fr. Vollmer, Inscriptiones Bavariae Romanae. Inschriften aus dem deutschen Anteil der germanischen Provinzen und des Treverergebietes sowie Rätiens und Noricum, Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Komission 58, 2, 447-604.
SCHIPP 2016
Schipp, O., Götter in der Provinz. Eine Untersuchung der Weihinschriften in der nördlichen Germnia superior und in der östlichen Gallia Belgica (Mörlenbach: Computus).
SIRAGO 1958
Sirago, V. A., L’Italia agrara sotto Traiano (Louvain: Publications Universitaires).
SPAUL 2000
Spaul, J., Cohors2 (London: BAR International Series).
SPEIDEL 1984
Speidel, M. P., Regionarii in Lower Mosia, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 57, 185-188.
TIMOC 2000
Timoc, C., Despre castrul și vicus-ul militar de la Sânpaul (jud. Harghita), Apulum 37, 397-399.
ȚENTEA/MATEI-POPESCU 2002-2003
Țentea, O./Matei-Popescu, F., Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul’s ala and cohors, Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40, 259-296.
WALDSTEIN 1986
Waldstein, W., Operae libertorum. Untersuchungen zur dienstpflichten freigelassener Sklaven (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal, we use CC BY-NC-ND license (Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs) wich only allowing others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
